Coping with Hallucinations, Delusions, and Paranoia 

As dementia progresses, your loved one may see, hear, or believe things that aren’t real, and these changes may come on suddenly. These symptoms can be confusing or frightening, but there are ways to respond with care. 

What You Can Do 

• Avoid arguing about what they see or believe. Offer comfort instead. 
• Reassure them that they are safe. 
• Redirect with a calming activity like a walk or favorite music. 
• Check with a doctor. Another illness or medication may be causing these symptoms. 
• Keep the environment safe. Remove sharp objects or anything they could use to hurt themselves or others. 

Understanding Paranoia 

Paranoia is a common delusion where your loved one may feel others are lying, stealing, or trying to harm them. This can happen if they forget something and create their own explanation. 

For example: 

• If something is missing, they may believe it was stolen. 
• If they forget you’re their caregiver, they may fear you’re a stranger. 

Stay Calm, Patient, and Aware

• Don’t take accusations personally. Avoid confrontation and gently redirect. 
• Investigate concerns. Not all suspicions are imaginary; seniors can be vulnerable to abuse or theft. 

Top Tip: It is extremely challenging, but you must learn to stay calm and never take offence. It will only serve to cause more unhelpful agitation if you argue your case or try to get your loved one to see your reality. Instead, you must enter their reality, learning the art of fiblets. 

FAQs

Should I correct a delusion?

No. Reassure and redirect without arguing. Overt correction is only going to frustrate.

Can hallucinations be treated?

Sometimes. Talk to a doctor about possible causes or treatment options.

How do I keep them safe?

Remove hazards and stay nearby during distressing episodes. Be calm and patient and look for opportunities to de-escalate using validation and redirection when possible.